Moscow (Russian: Москва́, Moskva, IPA: [mʌ’skva]) the capital of Russia and the country’s principal political, economic, financial, educational, and transportation center, located on the Moskva River. the city’s population of 10.4 million permanent inhabitants within the city boundaries constitutes about 7% of the total Russian population.
It is the most populous city in Europe. the city is in the Central Federal District located in the western part of the Russian Federation. Historically, its position was central in the Russian homeland. It was the capital of the former Soviet Union, and Muscovite Russia, the pre-Imperial Russian state. It is the site of the famous Kremlin, which now serves as the ceremonial residence of the President.
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Moscow’s architectural and performing arts culture are world-renowned.
Moscow is also well known as the site of the Saint Basil’s Cathedral,
with its elegant onion domes, as well as the Cathedral of Christ the
Savior. the Patriarch of Moscow, whose residence is the Danilov
Monastery, serves as the head of the Russian Orthodox Church. Moscow
also remains a major economic center and is home to a large number of
billionaires and is perennially considered one of the most expensive
cities in the world. It is home to many scientific and educational
institutions, as well as numerous sport facilities. It possesses a
complex transport system that includes the world’s busiest metro system
which is famous for its architecture. Moscow also became the host of
the 1980 Summer Olympics.
City layout
Moscow is situated on the banks of the Moskva River, which flows for
just over five hundred kilometers through western Russia. Although
Russia is situated on both the European and Asian continents, Moscow,
the economic and political center of Russia, is considered a European
city as it lies west of the Ural Mountains.
Moscow’s road system is centered roughly around the seat of the Russian
government, the Moscow Kremlin. From there, the roads in general
radiate out to intersect with a sequence of circular roads or “rings”
focused at the Kremlin.
the first and innermost major ring, Bulvarnoye Koltso (Boulevard Ring),
was built at the former location of the sixteenth century city wall
around what used to be called Bely Gorod (White Town). the Bulvarnoye
Koltso is technically not a ring; it does not form a complete circle,
but instead a horseshoe-like arc that goes from the Cathedral of Christ
the Saviour to the Yauza River. In addition, the Boulevard Ring changes
street names numerous times throughout its journey across the city.
the second primary ring, located outside the Boulevard Ring, is the
Sadovoye Koltso (Garden Ring). Like the Boulevard Ring, the Garden Ring
follows the path of a sixteenth century wall that used to encompass
part of the city. the third ring, the Third Transport Ring, was
completed in 2003 as a high-speed freeway. the Fourth Transport Ring,
another freeway, is currently under construction to further reduce
traffic congestion. the outermost ring within Moscow is the Moscow
Automobile Ring Road (often called the MKAD from the Russian
Moskovskaya Kol’cevaya Avtomobil’naya Doroga), which forms the
approximate boundary of the city.
Outside the city, some of the roads encompassing the city continue to follow this circular pattern seen inside city limits.
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Travel Information
Location
Province of Moscow, Russian Federation.
Dialling code
7.
Population
10,425,675 (city).
Time zone
GMT + 3 (GMT + 4 from last Sunday in March to Saturday before last Sunday in October).
Electricity
220 volts AC, 50Hz; round two-pin plugs are standard.
Average January temperatures
- 13°C ( - 9°F).
Average July temperatures
18°C (64°F).
Annual rainfall
624mm (24.3 inches).
Annual snowfall
132mm (5.2 inches).
Language
Introduction
Russian, the official language, can be difficult for Westerners to read
as it is written in Cyrillic script. It is, however, worth taking a bit
of time to learn the letters as it will make any time spent in Russia
much easier. For example, the indecipherable PECTOPAH can be
transliterated into RESTORAN, giving a much better indication that this
is a place to get a meal. Russian has a lot of similarities to other
Slavic languages, and to a degree they are mutually comprehensible,
especially Ukrainian. English is not common in Moscow; it is usually
only spoken by those in business or in the tourist trade.
Phrases
Yes - Da
No - Nyet
Hello - Zdrástvuitye
Goodbye - Do svidanya
Please - Pazhawsta
Thank you - Spassíba
My name is … - Minya zavoot …
How are you? - Kak vi pazhivayetye?
I’m very well - U minya xarasho
I feel ill - Ya bolyen (male) / ya bolna (female)
How much does it cost? - Skolka stoyit?
Do you speak English? - Gavaritye pa anglisski?
I don’t understand - Ya ne panimayu
Where is …? - Gdye …?
Entrance - Vxot
Exit - Víxod
Danger - Apásnost
Open - Atkrity
Closed - Zakrity
Toilets - Tualyet
Doctor - Vrach
Hotel - Gastínitsa
Restaurant - Ristorán
Beer - Peeva
Wine - Vine
Menu - Minú
Today - Sivay án
Tomorrow - Zavtra
Monday - Panedyélnik
Tuesday - Vtesday Wednesday Sryedá
Thursday - Chetvyérk
Friday - Pyátneetsa
Saturday - Suobrday
Sunday - Vaskresyénye
One - Adeen
Two - Dva
Three - Tri
Four - Chetíriye
Five - Pyat
Six - Shest
Seven - Syem
Eight - Vosyem
Nine - Dyévyat
Ten - Dyésyat
Twenty - Dvátset
Thirty - Trítset
Forty - Sorty
Fifty - Pyetdesyát
Sixty - Shistdyesyát
Seventy - Syémdyesyat
Eighty - Vightysyat
Ninety - Divyansyat
One Hundred - Sto
One Thousand - Tísicha
